{"id":136,"date":"2026-08-11T22:36:48","date_gmt":"2026-08-11T22:36:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yanis-group.com\/?p=136"},"modified":"2026-08-13T23:11:14","modified_gmt":"2026-08-13T23:11:14","slug":"fob-vs-cfr-vs-cif","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yanis-group.com\/index.php\/2026\/08\/11\/fob-vs-cfr-vs-cif\/","title":{"rendered":"FOB vs CFR vs CIF"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n<style>\n.yg-inc {\n    --dark:#101820;\n    --dark2:#18232d;\n    --gold:#c7a45b;\n    --gold-light:#ead9ad;\n    --white:#fff;\n    --light:#f5f7f8;\n    --grey:#68757e;\n    --border:#e1e6e9;\n    --green:#23845b;\n    --red:#c65353;\n    --blue:#326b91;\n    --orange:#c58a32;\n\n    font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;\n    color:var(--dark);\n    line-height:1.6;\n    max-width:1400px;\n    margin:auto;\n}\n\n.yg-inc * {\n    box-sizing:border-box;\n}\n\n.yg-inc-hero {\n    background:linear-gradient(135deg,#101820,#18232d 65%,#293842);\n    color:#fff;\n    padding:60px 55px;\n    border-radius:18px;\n    margin-bottom:35px;\n    position:relative;\n    overflow:hidden;\n}\n\n.yg-inc-hero:after {\n    content:\"FOB\";\n    position:absolute;\n    right:-10px;\n    bottom:-65px;\n    font-size:190px;\n    font-weight:900;\n    color:rgba(199,164,91,.05);\n}\n\n.yg-label {\n    color:var(--gold);\n    font-size:13px;\n    font-weight:800;\n    letter-spacing:2px;\n    text-transform:uppercase;\n    margin-bottom:12px;\n}\n\n.yg-inc-hero h1 {\n    color:#fff;\n    font-size:clamp(35px,5vw,60px);\n    line-height:1.08;\n    max-width:1000px;\n    margin:0 0 20px;\n}\n\n.yg-inc-hero p {\n    color:#d6dfe3;\n    font-size:19px;\n    max-width:920px;\n    margin:0;\n}\n\n.yg-intro {\n    background:var(--light);\n    border-left:5px solid var(--gold);\n    padding:28px 30px;\n    border-radius:10px;\n    margin-bottom:45px;\n}\n\n.yg-inc h2.section-title {\n    font-size:32px;\n    margin:45px 0 12px;\n}\n\n.yg-inc .subtitle {\n    color:var(--grey);\n    margin-bottom:25px;\n}\n\n\/* MAIN CARDS *\/\n\n.yg-main-grid {\n    display:grid;\n    grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);\n    gap:20px;\n    margin:30px 0 45px;\n}\n\n.yg-main-card {\n    border:1px solid var(--border);\n    border-radius:15px;\n    background:#fff;\n    overflow:hidden;\n    box-shadow:0 8px 25px rgba(16,24,32,.05);\n}\n\n.yg-main-head {\n    padding:28px;\n    background:var(--dark);\n    color:#fff;\n}\n\n.yg-main-head .inc-code {\n    color:var(--gold);\n    font-size:38px;\n    font-weight:900;\n}\n\n.yg-main-head h3 {\n    color:#fff;\n    margin:4px 0;\n    font-size:22px;\n}\n\n.yg-main-head p {\n    color:#cbd4d9;\n    font-size:13px;\n}\n\n.yg-main-body {\n    padding:25px;\n}\n\n.yg-main-body .price {\n    font-size:27px;\n    font-weight:900;\n    color:var(--dark);\n    margin-bottom:12px;\n}\n\n.yg-main-body .price span {\n    color:var(--gold);\n}\n\n.yg-main-body ul {\n    padding-left:20px;\n}\n\n.yg-main-body li {\n    margin-bottom:7px;\n}\n\n.yg-good {\n    color:var(--green);\n    font-weight:700;\n}\n\n\/* SHIPPING CHAIN *\/\n\n.yg-chain {\n    display:flex;\n    align-items:stretch;\n    overflow-x:auto;\n    margin:30px 0 45px;\n    padding-bottom:12px;\n}\n\n.yg-chain-step {\n    min-width:180px;\n    padding:23px 18px;\n    color:#fff;\n    background:var(--dark);\n    position:relative;\n}\n\n.yg-chain-step:nth-child(even) {\n    background:var(--dark2);\n}\n\n.yg-chain-step:not(:last-child):after {\n    content:\"\u2192\";\n    position:absolute;\n    right:-20px;\n    top:50%;\n    transform:translateY(-50%);\n    color:var(--gold);\n    font-size:25px;\n    z-index:3;\n}\n\n.yg-chain-step small {\n    color:var(--gold);\n    font-weight:800;\n}\n\n.yg-chain-step strong {\n    display:block;\n    margin:7px 0;\n}\n\n.yg-chain-step span {\n    color:#c8d1d6;\n    font-size:12px;\n}\n\n\/* TABLE *\/\n\n.yg-table-wrapper {\n    overflow-x:auto;\n    border:1px solid var(--border);\n    border-radius:14px;\n    background:#fff;\n    box-shadow:0 8px 30px rgba(16,24,32,.06);\n}\n\n.yg-table {\n    width:100%;\n    border-collapse:collapse;\n    min-width:1000px;\n}\n\n.yg-table th {\n    background:var(--dark);\n    color:#fff;\n    padding:17px 14px;\n    text-align:left;\n    font-size:12px;\n    text-transform:uppercase;\n    letter-spacing:.6px;\n}\n\n.yg-table th:first-child {\n    color:var(--gold);\n}\n\n.yg-table td {\n    padding:15px 14px;\n    border-bottom:1px solid var(--border);\n    vertical-align:top;\n    font-size:14px;\n}\n\n.yg-table tr:last-child td {\n    border-bottom:none;\n}\n\n.yg-table tr:hover td {\n    background:#fafbfb;\n}\n\n.yg-yes {\n    color:var(--green);\n    font-weight:800;\n}\n\n.yg-no {\n    color:var(--red);\n    font-weight:800;\n}\n\n.yg-badge {\n    display:inline-block;\n    padding:5px 10px;\n    border-radius:20px;\n    font-size:11px;\n    font-weight:800;\n}\n\n.yg-badge.gold {\n    background:#f8edd7;\n    color:#87631b;\n}\n\n.yg-badge.blue {\n    background:#e8f1f7;\n    color:var(--blue);\n}\n\n.yg-badge.green {\n    background:#e7f5ee;\n    color:var(--green);\n}\n\n\/* CALC *\/\n\n.yg-calc {\n    display:grid;\n    grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);\n    gap:18px;\n    margin:30px 0 45px;\n}\n\n.yg-calc-card {\n    border:1px solid var(--border);\n    border-radius:14px;\n    padding:27px;\n    background:#fff;\n}\n\n.yg-calc-card.dark {\n    background:var(--dark);\n    color:#fff;\n    border:none;\n}\n\n.yg-calc-card h3 {\n    margin-top:0;\n}\n\n.yg-calc-card.dark h3 {\n    color:#fff;\n}\n\n.yg-calc-line {\n    display:flex;\n    justify-content:space-between;\n    gap:12px;\n    padding:9px 0;\n    border-bottom:1px solid var(--border);\n}\n\n.yg-calc-card.dark .yg-calc-line {\n    border-color:#34424d;\n}\n\n.yg-calc-total {\n    display:flex;\n    justify-content:space-between;\n    margin-top:15px;\n    padding-top:15px;\n    border-top:2px solid var(--gold);\n    font-size:19px;\n    font-weight:900;\n}\n\n.yg-calc-total strong:last-child {\n    color:var(--gold);\n}\n\n\/* GOLD BOX *\/\n\n.yg-gold {\n    background:linear-gradient(135deg,#f7f4ed,#fff);\n    border:1px solid #e6dcc4;\n    border-radius:15px;\n    padding:35px;\n    margin:45px 0;\n}\n\n.yg-gold h2 {\n    margin-top:0;\n}\n\n\/* IMPORTANT *\/\n\n.yg-warning {\n    background:#fff8e8;\n    border:1px solid #ead9ad;\n    border-radius:12px;\n    padding:25px;\n    margin:35px 0;\n}\n\n.yg-warning strong {\n    color:#87651e;\n}\n\n\/* 4 QUESTIONS *\/\n\n.yg-four {\n    display:grid;\n    grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);\n    gap:15px;\n    margin:25px 0 45px;\n}\n\n.yg-four-card {\n    border:1px solid var(--border);\n    border-radius:12px;\n    padding:22px;\n    background:#fff;\n}\n\n.yg-four-card .icon {\n    font-size:29px;\n}\n\n.yg-four-card h3 {\n    margin:8px 0;\n    font-size:18px;\n}\n\n.yg-four-card p {\n    color:#59666f;\n    font-size:13px;\n}\n\n\/* FINAL *\/\n\n.yg-final {\n    background:var(--dark);\n    color:#fff;\n    border-radius:16px;\n    padding:40px;\n    margin:45px 0;\n}\n\n.yg-final h2 {\n    color:#fff;\n    margin-top:0;\n}\n\n.yg-final p {\n    color:#cbd4d9;\n}\n\n.yg-final .quote {\n    border-left:4px solid var(--gold);\n    padding-left:20px;\n    color:#fff;\n    font-size:22px;\n    margin:25px 0;\n}\n\n.yg-footer {\n    background:var(--dark);\n    color:#fff;\n    border-radius:15px;\n    padding:35px;\n    margin-top:50px;\n}\n\n.yg-footer p {\n    color:#cbd4d9;\n}\n\n@media(max-width:1000px) {\n\n    .yg-main-grid,\n    .yg-calc {\n        grid-template-columns:1fr;\n    }\n\n    .yg-four {\n        grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);\n    }\n\n}\n\n@media(max-width:650px) {\n\n    .yg-four {\n        grid-template-columns:1fr;\n    }\n\n    .yg-inc-hero {\n        padding:42px 25px;\n    }\n\n    .yg-inc h2.section-title {\n        font-size:27px;\n    }\n\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n<div class=\"yg-inc\">\n\n\n    <!-- HERO -->\n\n    <section class=\"yg-inc-hero\">\n\n        <div class=\"yg-label\">\n            YANIS GROUP \u00b7 International Trade Academy\n        <\/div>\n\n        <h1>\n            FOB vs CFR vs CIF:\n            Understanding the Real Cost Behind the Price\n        <\/h1>\n\n        <p>\n            Three of the most frequently used maritime Incoterms\u00ae\n            in commodity trading \u2014 and why the same commodity\n            can have very different commercial economics.\n        <\/p>\n\n    <\/section>\n\n\n    <!-- INTRO -->\n\n    <div class=\"yg-intro\">\n\n        <strong>\n            A price without understanding the Incoterm\u00ae is incomplete.\n        <\/strong>\n\n        <br><br>\n\n        In international commodity trading, buyers and sellers often\n        compare prices such as <strong>FOB<\/strong>, <strong>CFR<\/strong>\n        and <strong>CIF<\/strong> as if they were directly comparable.\n\n        <br><br>\n\n        They are not.\n\n        <br><br>\n\n        Each rule allocates specific costs, responsibilities and risks\n        differently between seller and buyer. For a trader, understanding\n        these differences is essential when calculating margins and\n        comparing competing offers.\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <!-- THREE MAIN CARDS -->\n\n    <h2 class=\"section-title\">\n        The Three Incoterms\u00ae at a Glance\n    <\/h2>\n\n    <p class=\"subtitle\">\n        The following comparison focuses on maritime and inland waterway\n        transport under Incoterms\u00ae 2020.\n    <\/p>\n\n\n    <div class=\"yg-main-grid\">\n\n\n        <!-- FOB -->\n\n        <div class=\"yg-main-card\">\n\n            <div class=\"yg-main-head\">\n\n                <div class=\"inc-code\">\n                    FOB\n                <\/div>\n\n                <h3>\n                    Free On Board\n                <\/h3>\n\n                <p>\n                    Named port of shipment\n                <\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"yg-main-body\">\n\n                <div class=\"price\">\n                    <span>\u25cf<\/span> Seller-side price\n                <\/div>\n\n                <p>\n                    The seller delivers the goods on board the vessel\n                    nominated by the buyer at the agreed port of shipment.\n                <\/p>\n\n                <ul>\n\n                    <li>\n                        Seller handles agreed origin obligations.\n                    <\/li>\n\n                    <li>\n                        Buyer generally arranges the main ocean carriage.\n                    <\/li>\n\n                    <li>\n                        Buyer normally controls the freight booking.\n                    <\/li>\n\n                    <li>\n                        Insurance is not included by default.\n                    <\/li>\n\n                <\/ul>\n\n                <p class=\"yg-good\">\n                    \u2713 Useful when the buyer has strong freight capability.\n                <\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n\n        <!-- CFR -->\n\n        <div class=\"yg-main-card\">\n\n            <div class=\"yg-main-head\">\n\n                <div class=\"inc-code\">\n                    CFR\n                <\/div>\n\n                <h3>\n                    Cost and Freight\n                <\/h3>\n\n                <p>\n                    Named port of destination\n                <\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"yg-main-body\">\n\n                <div class=\"price\">\n                    <span>\u25cf<\/span> Freight included\n                <\/div>\n\n                <p>\n                    The seller arranges and pays the main carriage to\n                    the named destination port.\n                <\/p>\n\n                <ul>\n\n                    <li>\n                        Seller arranges the main ocean freight.\n                    <\/li>\n\n                    <li>\n                        Buyer generally handles insurance.\n                    <\/li>\n\n                    <li>\n                        Risk transfers according to the CFR rule,\n                        not simply when the vessel reaches destination.\n                    <\/li>\n\n                    <li>\n                        Destination import obligations remain with buyer.\n                    <\/li>\n\n                <\/ul>\n\n                <p class=\"yg-good\">\n                    \u2713 Useful when seller controls freight but insurance\n                    remains with buyer.\n                <\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n\n        <!-- CIF -->\n\n        <div class=\"yg-main-card\">\n\n            <div class=\"yg-main-head\">\n\n                <div class=\"inc-code\">\n                    CIF\n                <\/div>\n\n                <h3>\n                    Cost, Insurance and Freight\n                <\/h3>\n\n                <p>\n                    Named port of destination\n                <\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"yg-main-body\">\n\n                <div class=\"price\">\n                    <span>\u25cf<\/span> Freight + insurance included\n                <\/div>\n\n                <p>\n                    The seller arranges the main carriage and insurance\n                    to the named destination port, subject to the rule.\n                <\/p>\n\n                <ul>\n\n                    <li>\n                        Seller arranges the main ocean freight.\n                    <\/li>\n\n                    <li>\n                        Seller provides the required cargo insurance.\n                    <\/li>\n\n                    <li>\n                        Risk still transfers under the CIF rule at\n                        the shipment stage, not on arrival.\n                    <\/li>\n\n                    <li>\n                        Import clearance and import duties remain\n                        buyer-side obligations.\n                    <\/li>\n\n                <\/ul>\n\n                <p class=\"yg-good\">\n                    \u2713 Frequently used in international commodity trading.\n                <\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <!-- PHYSICAL JOURNEY -->\n\n    <h2 class=\"section-title\">\n        Where Does the Cost Move?\n    <\/h2>\n\n    <p class=\"subtitle\">\n        A simplified commercial view of the cost allocation.\n    <\/p>\n\n\n    <div class=\"yg-chain\">\n\n        <div class=\"yg-chain-step\">\n\n            <small>01<\/small>\n\n            <strong>ORIGIN<\/strong>\n\n            <span>\n                Commodity preparation,\n                inland movement and loading obligations.\n            <\/span>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n\n        <div class=\"yg-chain-step\">\n\n            <small>02<\/small>\n\n            <strong>ON BOARD<\/strong>\n\n            <span>\n                Key risk transfer point\n                for FOB, CFR and CIF.\n            <\/span>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n\n        <div class=\"yg-chain-step\">\n\n            <small>03<\/small>\n\n            <strong>OCEAN FREIGHT<\/strong>\n\n            <span>\n                Main carriage is buyer-arranged\n                under FOB and seller-arranged\n                under CFR\/CIF.\n            <\/span>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n\n        <div class=\"yg-chain-step\">\n\n            <small>04<\/small>\n\n            <strong>INSURANCE<\/strong>\n\n            <span>\n                Normally buyer-arranged under FOB\/CFR;\n                seller-arranged under CIF.\n            <\/span>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n\n        <div class=\"yg-chain-step\">\n\n            <small>05<\/small>\n\n            <strong>DESTINATION<\/strong>\n\n            <span>\n                Import procedures and duties\n                are generally buyer-side.\n            <\/span>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <!-- MASTER TABLE -->\n\n    <h2 class=\"section-title\">\n        FOB vs CFR vs CIF \u2014 Trader&#8217;s Comparison\n    <\/h2>\n\n    <div class=\"yg-table-wrapper\">\n\n        <table class=\"yg-table\">\n\n            <thead>\n\n                <tr>\n                    <th>Commercial Element<\/th>\n                    <th>FOB<\/th>\n                    <th>CFR<\/th>\n                    <th>CIF<\/th>\n                <\/tr>\n\n            <\/thead>\n\n            <tbody>\n\n                <tr>\n\n                    <td>\n                        <strong>Commodity price<\/strong>\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        Included\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        Included\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        Included\n                    <\/td>\n\n                <\/tr>\n\n\n                <tr>\n\n                    <td>\n                        Inland\/origin obligations\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        Seller-side\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        Seller-side\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        Seller-side\n                    <\/td>\n\n                <\/tr>\n\n\n                <tr>\n\n                    <td>\n                        Loading on board\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        <span class=\"yg-yes\">\u2713 Seller<\/span>\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        <span class=\"yg-yes\">\u2713 Seller<\/span>\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        <span class=\"yg-yes\">\u2713 Seller<\/span>\n                    <\/td>\n\n                <\/tr>\n\n\n                <tr>\n\n                    <td>\n                        Main ocean freight\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        <span class=\"yg-no\">Buyer<\/span>\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        <span class=\"yg-yes\">\u2713 Seller<\/span>\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        <span class=\"yg-yes\">\u2713 Seller<\/span>\n                    <\/td>\n\n                <\/tr>\n\n\n                <tr>\n\n                    <td>\n                        Cargo insurance\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        <span class=\"yg-no\">Buyer<\/span>\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        <span class=\"yg-no\">Buyer<\/span>\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        <span class=\"yg-yes\">\u2713 Seller<\/span>\n                    <\/td>\n\n                <\/tr>\n\n\n                <tr>\n\n                    <td>\n                        Import clearance\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        <span class=\"yg-no\">Buyer<\/span>\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        <span class=\"yg-no\">Buyer<\/span>\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        <span class=\"yg-no\">Buyer<\/span>\n                    <\/td>\n\n                <\/tr>\n\n\n                <tr>\n\n                    <td>\n                        Import duties \/ taxes\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        <span class=\"yg-no\">Buyer<\/span>\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        <span class=\"yg-no\">Buyer<\/span>\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        <span class=\"yg-no\">Buyer<\/span>\n                    <\/td>\n\n                <\/tr>\n\n\n                <tr>\n\n                    <td>\n                        Main freight control\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        <span class=\"yg-badge blue\">\n                            BUYER\n                        <\/span>\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        <span class=\"yg-badge gold\">\n                            SELLER\n                        <\/span>\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        <span class=\"yg-badge gold\">\n                            SELLER\n                        <\/span>\n                    <\/td>\n\n                <\/tr>\n\n\n                <tr>\n\n                    <td>\n                        Insurance arrangement\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        <span class=\"yg-badge blue\">\n                            BUYER\n                        <\/span>\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        <span class=\"yg-badge blue\">\n                            BUYER\n                        <\/span>\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        <span class=\"yg-badge gold\">\n                            SELLER\n                        <\/span>\n                    <\/td>\n\n                <\/tr>\n\n            <\/tbody>\n\n        <\/table>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <!-- IMPORTANT RISK CONCEPT -->\n\n    <section class=\"yg-gold\">\n\n        <h2>\n            Cost Transfer \u2260 Risk Transfer\n        <\/h2>\n\n        <p>\n            This is one of the most important concepts for a commodity trader.\n        <\/p>\n\n        <p>\n            Under <strong>CFR<\/strong> and <strong>CIF<\/strong>, the seller\n            pays the main freight to the destination port. However, this\n            does not mean that the seller keeps the transportation risk\n            until the cargo arrives.\n        <\/p>\n\n        <p>\n            Under these rules, the transfer of risk occurs at the relevant\n            shipment point defined by the applicable Incoterms\u00ae rule.\n        <\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"yg-warning\">\n\n            <strong>\n                \u26a0\ufe0f Never assume:\n            <\/strong>\n\n            <p>\n                &#8220;Seller pays the freight = seller carries the risk until destination.&#8221;\n            <\/p>\n\n            <p>\n                Cost allocation and risk allocation are two different concepts.\n            <\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n    <\/section>\n\n\n    <!-- PRICE EXAMPLE -->\n\n    <h2 class=\"section-title\">\n        Example: Why $450 FOB Is Not Necessarily Cheaper Than $480 CIF\n    <\/h2>\n\n    <p class=\"subtitle\">\n        The correct comparison is the equivalent commercial cost.\n    <\/p>\n\n\n    <div class=\"yg-calc\">\n\n\n        <!-- FOB -->\n\n        <div class=\"yg-calc-card\">\n\n            <h3>\n                \ud83d\udfe6 FOB Offer\n            <\/h3>\n\n            <div class=\"yg-calc-line\">\n                <span>Commodity<\/span>\n                <strong>$450<\/strong>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"yg-calc-line\">\n                <span>Ocean freight<\/span>\n                <strong>+$35<\/strong>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"yg-calc-line\">\n                <span>Insurance<\/span>\n                <strong>+$2<\/strong>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"yg-calc-line\">\n                <span>Other agreed costs<\/span>\n                <strong>+$3<\/strong>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"yg-calc-total\">\n                <strong>Equivalent<\/strong>\n                <strong>$490<\/strong>\n            <\/div>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n\n        <!-- CFR -->\n\n        <div class=\"yg-calc-card\">\n\n            <h3>\n                \ud83d\udfe8 CFR Offer\n            <\/h3>\n\n            <div class=\"yg-calc-line\">\n                <span>Commodity + freight<\/span>\n                <strong>$480<\/strong>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"yg-calc-line\">\n                <span>Insurance<\/span>\n                <strong>+$2<\/strong>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"yg-calc-line\">\n                <span>Other agreed costs<\/span>\n                <strong>+$3<\/strong>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"yg-calc-line\">\n                <span>Comparable basis<\/span>\n                <strong>+<\/strong>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"yg-calc-total\">\n                <strong>Equivalent<\/strong>\n                <strong>$485<\/strong>\n            <\/div>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n\n        <!-- CIF -->\n\n        <div class=\"yg-calc-card dark\">\n\n            <h3>\n                \ud83d\udfe9 CIF Offer\n            <\/h3>\n\n            <div class=\"yg-calc-line\">\n                <span>Commodity<\/span>\n                <strong>$480<\/strong>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"yg-calc-line\">\n                <span>Ocean freight<\/span>\n                <strong>Included<\/strong>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"yg-calc-line\">\n                <span>Insurance<\/span>\n                <strong>Included<\/strong>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"yg-calc-line\">\n                <span>Other costs<\/span>\n                <strong>+$3<\/strong>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"yg-calc-total\">\n                <strong>Equivalent<\/strong>\n                <strong>$483<\/strong>\n            <\/div>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <div class=\"yg-warning\">\n\n        <strong>\n            \u26a0\ufe0f The numbers above are purely illustrative.\n        <\/strong>\n\n        <p>\n            Freight, insurance and other costs must be based on actual\n            quotations and the precise contractual structure.\n        <\/p>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <!-- FOUR QUESTIONS -->\n\n    <h2 class=\"section-title\">\n        Four Questions Before Comparing Two Offers\n    <\/h2>\n\n\n    <div class=\"yg-four\">\n\n\n        <div class=\"yg-four-card\">\n\n            <div class=\"icon\">\ud83d\udccd<\/div>\n\n            <h3>\n                01. Where?\n            <\/h3>\n\n            <p>\n                What is the exact named place or port?\n            <\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n\n        <div class=\"yg-four-card\">\n\n            <div class=\"icon\">\ud83d\udea2<\/div>\n\n            <h3>\n                02. Freight?\n            <\/h3>\n\n            <p>\n                Who arranges and pays the main carriage?\n            <\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n\n        <div class=\"yg-four-card\">\n\n            <div class=\"icon\">\ud83d\udee1\ufe0f<\/div>\n\n            <h3>\n                03. Insurance?\n            <\/h3>\n\n            <p>\n                Who arranges the cargo insurance and what coverage applies?\n            <\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n\n        <div class=\"yg-four-card\">\n\n            <div class=\"icon\">\u26a0\ufe0f<\/div>\n\n            <h3>\n                04. Risk?\n            <\/h3>\n\n            <p>\n                At what point does risk transfer under the selected rule?\n            <\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <!-- BROKER SECTION -->\n\n    <h2 class=\"section-title\">\n        Why This Matters for Commodity Brokers\n    <\/h2>\n\n    <p class=\"subtitle\">\n        Brokers frequently receive offers from different suppliers\n        using different Incoterms\u00ae. Comparing the headline price alone\n        can create a misleading commercial picture.\n    <\/p>\n\n\n    <div class=\"yg-table-wrapper\">\n\n        <table class=\"yg-table\">\n\n            <thead>\n\n                <tr>\n                    <th>Supplier Offer<\/th>\n                    <th>Quoted Basis<\/th>\n                    <th>Broker Should Check<\/th>\n                    <th>Objective<\/th>\n                <\/tr>\n\n            <\/thead>\n\n            <tbody>\n\n                <tr>\n\n                    <td>\n                        Supplier A\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        FOB\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        Freight + insurance + destination implications\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        Calculate equivalent delivered economics\n                    <\/td>\n\n                <\/tr>\n\n\n                <tr>\n\n                    <td>\n                        Supplier B\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        CFR\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        Freight basis + insurance requirement\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        Compare on same commercial basis\n                    <\/td>\n\n                <\/tr>\n\n\n                <tr>\n\n                    <td>\n                        Supplier C\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        CIF\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        Freight + insurance + coverage\n                    <\/td>\n\n                    <td>\n                        Compare total economics\n                    <\/td>\n\n                <\/tr>\n\n            <\/tbody>\n\n        <\/table>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <!-- COMMON ERRORS -->\n\n    <h2 class=\"section-title\">\n        Common Mistakes in Commodity Trading\n    <\/h2>\n\n\n    <div class=\"yg-main-grid\">\n\n\n        <div class=\"yg-main-card\">\n\n            <div class=\"yg-main-head\">\n                <div class=\"inc-code\">01<\/div>\n                <h3>Comparing Headline Prices<\/h3>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"yg-main-body\">\n\n                <p>\n                    Comparing $450 FOB with $470 CIF without calculating\n                    the missing costs creates a false comparison.\n                <\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n\n        <div class=\"yg-main-card\">\n\n            <div class=\"yg-main-head\">\n                <div class=\"inc-code\">02<\/div>\n                <h3>Ignoring Risk Transfer<\/h3>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"yg-main-body\">\n\n                <p>\n                    The party paying freight is not automatically the\n                    party carrying transportation risk until destination.\n                <\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n\n        <div class=\"yg-main-card\">\n\n            <div class=\"yg-main-head\">\n                <div class=\"inc-code\">03<\/div>\n                <h3>Forgetting the Named Place<\/h3>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"yg-main-body\">\n\n                <p>\n                    An Incoterms\u00ae rule should be used with a clearly\n                    identified named place or port.\n                <\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <!-- PRACTICAL RULE -->\n\n    <section class=\"yg-gold\">\n\n        <h2>\n            The Trader&#8217;s Practical Rule\n        <\/h2>\n\n        <p>\n            When comparing commodity offers, convert them to the same\n            commercial basis before making a decision.\n        <\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"yg-formula\"\n             style=\"background:#101820;color:#fff;padding:30px;border-radius:12px;text-align:center;\">\n\n            <div style=\"color:#c7a45b;font-size:23px;font-weight:800;\">\n\n                DIFFERENT INCOTERMS\u00ae\n\n                \u2193\n\n                SAME DESTINATION\n\n                \u2193\n\n                SAME COST BASIS\n\n                \u2193\n\n                REAL COMPARISON\n\n            <\/div>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n        <p>\n            This is particularly important for large-volume commodities\n            where a small difference per metric ton can produce a major\n            difference in total transaction value.\n        <\/p>\n\n    <\/section>\n\n\n    <!-- FINAL -->\n\n    <section class=\"yg-final\">\n\n        <h2>\n            The YANIS GROUP Principle\n        <\/h2>\n\n        <div class=\"quote\">\n            &#8220;Never compare commodity prices until you compare what\n            those prices actually include.&#8221;\n        <\/div>\n\n        <p>\n            FOB, CFR and CIF are not simply different ways of writing a\n            commodity price. They represent different allocations of\n            responsibilities, costs and risk between the parties.\n        <\/p>\n\n        <p>\n            For an exporter, trader or broker, understanding these\n            differences is essential for pricing correctly, protecting\n            margins and presenting transparent commercial offers.\n        <\/p>\n\n        <p>\n            The strongest commercial analysis converts every offer into\n            a comparable economic basis before the transaction is evaluated.\n        <\/p>\n\n    <\/section>\n\n\n    <!-- FOOTER -->\n\n    <section class=\"yg-footer\">\n\n        <div class=\"yg-label\">\n            YANIS GROUP\n        <\/div>\n\n        <h2>\n            International Commodity Trading\n        <\/h2>\n\n        <p>\n            YANIS GROUP operates as an international commodity exporter,\n            trader and broker, connecting buyers and suppliers across\n            physical commodity markets.\n        <\/p>\n\n        <p>\n            <strong>\n                Understand the Incoterm\u00ae. Calculate the real cost.\n                Protect the margin.\n            <\/strong>\n        <\/p>\n\n        <p style=\"font-size:12px;margin-top:25px;\">\n            This article is provided for general educational purposes only.\n            It is not legal or contractual advice. Incoterms\u00ae are published\n            by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC). The applicable\n            Incoterms\u00ae version and exact contractual wording should always\n            be verified for the specific transaction.\n        <\/p>\n\n    <\/section>\n\n<\/div>\n&#8220;`\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>YANIS GROUP \u00b7 International Trade Academy FOB vs CFR vs CIF: Understanding the Real Cost Behind the Price Three of the most frequently used maritime Incoterms\u00ae in commodity trading \u2014 and why the same commodity can have very different commercial economics. A price without understanding the Incoterm\u00ae is incomplete. In international commodity trading, buyers and&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":162,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-136","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yanis-group.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/136","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yanis-group.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yanis-group.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yanis-group.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yanis-group.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=136"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.yanis-group.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/136\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":137,"href":"https:\/\/www.yanis-group.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/136\/revisions\/137"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yanis-group.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/162"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yanis-group.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=136"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yanis-group.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=136"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yanis-group.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=136"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}